The conditions forming the electrolytic cell constitute the conditional DC power supply of the electrolytic cell. Two electrodes connected to the positive pole of the power supply. The positive electrode connected to the positive pole of the power supply is called the anode and the negative pole of the power supply, the electrode connected to the negative pole is called the anode, and the electrode connected to the negative pole of the power supply is called the cathode. It is called cathode. Electrolyte solution or molten electrolyte.

Graphite rod is often used as the heating element of high temperature vacuum furnace. The maximum operating temperature can reach 3000 ℃. It is easy to oxidize at high temperature. Except for vacuum, it can only be used in neutral or reducing atmosphere. Its thermal expansion coefficient is small, its thermal conductivity is large, and its resistance coefficient is (8~13) × 10-6 Ω · m, better processability than SiC and MoSi2 rods, high temperature resistance, good resistance to extreme cold and extreme heat, and lower price.