Antimony has few biological or medical applications. Antimony containing medicine is a kind of emetic. Antimony compounds are also used as insect antigens. Since 1919, antimony potassium tartrate (commonly known as tartar emesis) has been used as a drug to treat schistosomiasis. It was gradually replaced by praziquantel. Antimony and its compounds are used in a variety of veterinary medicines, such as Amphymalin (lithium antimony thiomalate) as a skin conditioner for ruminants. Antimony can nourish and regulate keratinized tissues, at least for animals.

Antimony can form a widely used alloy with lead. The hardness and mechanical strength of this alloy are both improved. In most occasions where lead is used, different amounts of antimony are added to make alloys. In lead-acid batteries, the additive can change the electrode properties and reduce the generation of by-product hydrogen during discharge. Antimony is also used in antifriction alloys (such as Babbitt alloy), bullets, lead bullets, wire jackets, type alloys (such as Linotype typesetters), solders (some lead-free solders contain 5% antimony), lead tin antimony alloys, and alloys with less tin for hardening pipe organs.