The principle of riding helmet is to play a protective role by absorbing the impact force of collision. In other words, every riding helmet has a foam inner layer. In case of an accident, the foam inner layer will cushion the collision to reduce the accident damage. Traditionally, many riding helmets are made of EPS (expanded polystyrene) materials. Once EPS foam is crushed and deformed in an accident, it cannot be recovered and reused.

Half-helmeted riding helmets are divided into road dedicated helmets (without brims), road and mountain dual-use helmets (with removable brims), etc. Use a helmet similar to baseball or roller skating. The full helmet riding helmet is similar to the motorcycle helmet, and is generally used by downhill or climbing enthusiasts.