The structure of a DC motor shall consist of two major parts, the stator and the rotor. The stationary part of a DC motor during operation is called the stator. The main function of the stator is to generate a magnetic field, consisting of the base, main magnetic pole, commutator pole, end cap, bearings, and brush devices. The rotating part during operation is called the rotor, whose main function is to generate electromagnetic torque and induced electromotive force, and is the hub for energy conversion of DC motors. Therefore, it is commonly referred to as the armature, consisting of a shaft, armature core, armature winding, commutator, and fan.

DC motor refers to a rotating motor that can convert DC electrical energy into mechanical energy (DC motor) or convert mechanical energy into DC electrical energy (DC generator). It is a motor that can convert DC electrical energy and mechanical energy into each other. When it operates as a motor, it is a DC motor that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy; When operating as a generator, it is a DC generator that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.