Ultra precision machining is an abrasive precision machining method that uses fine abrasive stones mounted on a vibrating head to perform micro cutting of the workpiece. The main purpose of ultra precision machining is to reduce the Ra value, up to 0.2 to 0.012 μ m. The shape accuracy can be appropriately improved. Ultra precision machining has a high productivity and is commonly used to process the outer, inner, planar, channel surfaces, and spherical surfaces of crankshafts, rollers, bearing rings, and certain precision parts.

High gloss and high precision grinding also requires a high accuracy and rigidity of the machine tool. The grinding process involves using finely trimmed grinding wheels to produce multiple micro cutting edges of equal height on each abrasive grain. With a small grinding depth and under appropriate grinding pressure, very fine chips are cut from the surface of the workpiece, plus the sliding, pressing, smoothing, and friction polishing effects of multiple non feed grinding stages when the micro cutting edge is in a micro state, Thereby obtaining a highly polished surface with high machining accuracy and good physical and mechanical properties.