A DC motor is a rotating device that converts DC electrical energy into mechanical energy. The motor stator provides a magnetic field, and the DC power supply provides current to the rotor windings. The commutator keeps the rotor current and torque generated by the magnetic field in the same direction. DC motors can be divided into two categories based on whether they are equipped with commonly used brush commutators, including brush DC motors and brushless DC motors.

Brushless DC motor is a new type of DC motor developed in recent years with the development of microprocessor technology, the application of new power electronic devices with high switching frequency and low power consumption, the optimization of control methods, and the emergence of low-cost, high magnetic energy level permanent magnet materials.