Laser quenching process parameters are a key link in laser heat treatment. The process parameters mainly include laser power, laser beam scanning speed, focal length of the focusing mirror, and defocusing amount (distance between the quenched surface and the beam focus). The energy absorbed by the quenched surface depends on the laser power; The action time of the laser beam on the quenched surface depends on the scanning speed; The size of the spot depends on the focal length and defocusing amount of the focusing mirror; The laser power density depends on the laser power and spot size. Generally, an increase in laser power results in an increase in the depth of the quenched layer; The scanning speed increases, and the depth of the quenched layer decreases; As the defocusing amount increases, the size of the light spot increases, and within a certain range, the width of the quenching layer increases.

By analyzing the material characteristics, usage conditions, service conditions, and other factors of quenched parts, the technical conditions and product quality requirements are clarified, and then the laser quenching hardening model is selected and the laser quenching process parameters are determined. At the same time, the operability, production efficiency, and economic benefits of the process should also be considered. The laser beam mode is divided into multimode beam, low-order mode beam, and fundamental mode beam, which are generally used for laser heat treatment.