The ultrasonic cleaning device mainly consists of three parts: ultrasonic transducer, cleaning tank, and generator. In addition, some also come with cleaning solution circulation devices (such as pumps, filters, heaters, etc.) and conveying devices for components.

Ultrasonic cleaning generally uses two cleaning agents; Chemical solvents and water powder agents. For pollutants and oils, both have a dissolving and penetrating effect, which is a chemical force. However, the cavitation effect of ultrasound is physical. Ultrasonic cleaning combines chemical and physical processes. Firstly, the dirt is infiltrated and dissolved through chemical reactions. Then, the impact force generated by ultrasonic cavitation is used to peel off the dirt layer on the surface of the object, stir, disperse, emulsify it, and prevent the dirt that has already detached from the surface of the object from reattaching to the object.