A light bulb, also known as an electric bulb or incandescent lamp, is a type of lighting source that emits light and generates heat through electrical energy. Its working principle is based on the thermal effect of current: when the light bulb is connected to the rated voltage, the current passes through the filament and heats it to an incandescent state (temperature above 2000 ° C), causing the filament to heat and emit light, converting electrical energy into internal and light energy.

And light is a form of energy that is released by atoms. It is composed of many small clusters resembling particles, which have energy and momentum but no mass. These particles are called visible photons and are the most fundamental units of light. When electrons are excited, atoms will release visible photons. If you already know how atoms work, then you know that electrons are negatively charged particles walking around the nucleus.