Rotary drilling machines, such as rotary water well drilling machines, mainly rely on the rotational motion of drilling tools to break rock layers into holes. Its working principle is that the power machinery drives the turntable through a gearbox, and the active drill rod drives the drill bit to rotate and break the rock layer at a certain speed. This type of drilling rig is commonly used for washing rotary drilling rigs with forward and reverse circulation mud, consisting of a tower, winch, turntable, drilling tools, mud pump, faucet, and electric motor.

A water well drilling rig is a mechanical equipment specifically used for drilling water wells and completing operations such as lowering pipes and washing wells. It is mainly composed of power equipment, drill bits, drill rods, drill frames, etc., and has the characteristics of large drilling depth, large drilling diameter, and fast drilling speed. Water well drilling machines are usually divided into three categories: rotary rotary machines, impact drilling machines, and composite rotary machines.