Turbovacuum pumps use the rotation of the turbine to extract gas. A limited working chamber is formed between the turbine and the pump chamber. When the turbine rotates, the gas in the working chamber is discharged and new gas is sucked in. Molecular sieve adsorption vacuum pump utilizes the adsorption effect of molecular sieve on gas to achieve suction. Molecular sieves have a highly porous structure and can selectively adsorb gas molecules. When the molecular sieve is saturated with adsorption, it is released by heating to restore its adsorption capacity.

The reciprocating vacuum pump achieves gas suction through the reciprocating motion of the piston in the pump chamber. When the piston moves outward, the gas in the pump chamber is discharged; When the piston moves inward, the pump chamber is open to the atmosphere and draws in more gas. By continuously repeating this process, the effect of continuous suction is achieved. Liquid ring vacuum pump is similar to reciprocating vacuum pump, but uses liquid as the working medium. There is an eccentric wheel in the pump chamber. When the eccentric wheel rotates, the liquid will form a circulation along the inner wall of the pump chamber, and the gas is sucked in and discharged through the volume change of the liquid ring.

The vacuum pump extracts gas from the container being pumped through different mechanisms, thereby creating and maintaining a vacuum state in the space. According to the different working principles, vacuum pumps are mainly divided into two categories: gas capture pumps and gas transfer pumps. Gas capture pumps mainly capture gas molecules through physical or chemical means, such as molecular sieve adsorption vacuum pumps; Gas transfer pumps, on the other hand, transmit gas from one location to another through mechanical movements such as rotation and reciprocating motion, such as reciprocating vacuum pumps and turbine vacuum pumps.

Vacuum pump, as a device that uses mechanical, physical, chemical or physicochemical methods to extract air from the container being pumped to obtain a vacuum environment, plays a crucial role in industrial production. It is widely used in various fields such as metallurgy, chemical industry, food, electronic coating, and aerospace, and has become an indispensable part of modern industry.