Fiber optic gyroscope uses optical methods to achieve angle measurement, so it can be started instantly without preheating time. This makes fiber optic gyroscopes perform well in application scenarios that require fast response. Fiber optic gyroscope has a wide dynamic range and can adapt to measurement requirements at different speeds and accelerations. The internal structure of fiber optic gyroscope is relatively stable and not easily affected by external vibrations. This enables fiber optic gyroscopes to function properly in rugged environments or when subjected to impacts. Some high-end fiber optic gyroscopes also adopt special anti vibration designs, further improving their anti vibration capabilities.

Fiber optic gyroscope is mainly composed of fiber optic ring, light source, photodetector, and signal processing system. Its working principle is based on the Sagnac effect, which means that when a beam of light travels in a circular channel, if the circular channel itself has a rotational speed, the time required for the light to travel along the direction of rotation of the channel is longer than the time required to travel along the opposite direction of rotation of the channel. By measuring this time or phase difference, the rotational angular velocity of the gyroscope can be calculated.